| On this date in: |
| 1765 | The Stamp Act Congress convened in New York to draw up colonial grievances against England. |
| 1849 | Author Edgar Allan Poe died at age 40. |
| 1868 | Cornell University was inaugurated in Ithaca, N.Y. |
| 1879 | Communist revolutionary Leon Trotsky was born Lev Davidovich Bronshtein in Yanovka, Ukraine. |
| 1949 | The Republic of East Germany was formed. |
| 1954 | Marian Anderson became the first black singer hired by New York's Metropolitan Opera. |
| 1963 | President John F. Kennedy signed the documents of ratification for a nuclear test ban treaty with Britain and the Soviet Union. |
| 1968 | The Motion Picture Association of America adopted a film-rating system. |
| 1981 | Egypt's parliament named Vice President Hosni Mubarak to succeed the assassinated Anwar Sadat. |
| 1982 | The musical "Cats" opened on Broadway, beginning its record run of 7,485 performances. |
| 1985 | Palestinian gunmen hijacked the Italian cruise ship Achille Lauro in the Mediterranean with more than 400 people aboard. |
| 1996 | Fox News Channel made its debut. |
| 1998 | Matthew Shepard, a gay college student, was beaten, robbed and left tied to a wooden fence post outside Laramie, Wyo.; he died five days later. |
| 2001 | Barry Bonds of the San Francisco Giants wrapped up his record-breaking season with his 73rd home run. |
| 2003 | California voters recalled Gov. Gray Davis and elected actor Arnold Schwarzenegger to replace him. |
| 2006 | Anna Politkovskaya, a journalist who had chronicled Russian military abuses against civilians in Chechnya, was found shot to death in Moscow. |
| 2008 | The Federal Reserve annouced a radical plan to buy massive amounts of short-term debt, known as commercial paper, to get credit markets moving again. |
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