| On this date in: |
| 1743 | George Frideric Handel's oratorio "Messiah" had its premiere, in London. |
| 1775 | Patrick Henry called for America's independence from Britain, telling the Virginia Provincial Convention, "Give me liberty, or give me death!" |
| 1919 | Benito Mussolini founded his Fascist political movement in Milan, Italy. |
| 1933 | The German Reichstag adopted the Enabling Act, which effectively granted Adolf Hitler dictatorial legislative powers. |
| 1942 | The first Japanese-Americans evacuated by the U.S. Army during World War II arrived at the internment camp in Manzanar, Calif. |
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| AP Photo |
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| 1956 | Pakistan became an Islamic republic. |
| 1981 | The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that states could require, with some exceptions, parental notification when teenage girls seek abortions. |
| 1994 | Wayne Gretzky of the Los Angeles Kings broke Gordie Howe's National Hockey League career record with his 802nd goal. |
| 1998 | "Titanic" won 11 Academy Awards, including best picture, best director and best song, to tie the record set by 1959's "Ben-Hur." (The record was tied again by "Lord of the Rings: Return of the King" in 2003.) |
| 2001 | Russia's orbiting Mir space station ended its 15-year odyssey with a fiery plunge into the South Pacific. |
| 2003 | A U.S. Army maintenance convoy was ambushed in Iraq; 11 soldiers were killed and seven were captured, including Pfc. Jessica Lynch. |
| 2008 | A roadside bomb killed four U.S. soldiers in Baghdad, pushing the overall American death toll in the five-year war to at least 4,000. |
| 2010 | President Barack Obama signed a $938 billion health care overhaul. |
| 2011 | Actress Elizabeth Taylor died at age 79. |
| 2012 | The U.S. Army formally charged Staff Sgt. Robert Bales with 17 counts of premeditated murder in the deaths of 17 villagers, more than half of them children, during a shooting rampage in southern Afghanistan. |
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