| On this date in: |
| 1792 | Highwayman Nicolas Jacques Pelletier became the first person under French law to be executed by guillotine. |
| 1859 | Ground was broken for the Suez Canal. |
| 1874 | Radio pioneer Guglielmo Marconi was born in Bologna, Italy. |
| 1898 | The United States declared war on Spain. |
| 1901 | New York became the first state to require automobile license plates. |
| 1915 | Allied soldiers invaded the Gallipoli Peninsula in an unsuccessful attempt to take the Ottoman Turkish Empire out of World War I. |
| 1945 | U.S. and Soviet forces linked up on the Elbe River, in central Europe, a meeting that dramatized the collapse of Nazi Germany. |
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| AP Photo |
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| 1945 | Delegates from some 50 countries met in San Francisco to organize the United Nations. |
| 1959 | The St. Lawrence Seaway opened to shipping. |
| 1972 | Polaroid Corp. introduced its SX-70 folding camera, which ejected self-developing photographs. |
| 1990 | Violeta Barrios de Chamorro was inaugurated as president of Nicaragua, ending 11 years of leftist Sandinista rule. |
| 1990 | The Hubble Space Telescope was deployed from the space shuttle Discovery. |
| 1992 | Islamic forces took control of most of the Afghan capital Kabul following the collapse of the Communist government. |
| 2007 | The Dow Jones industrial average topped 13,000 for the first time, ending the day at 13,089.89. |
| 2011 | President Bashar Assad of Syria sent the military into the southern city of Daraa, where an anti-government uprising had begun the previous month. |
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