| On this date in: |
| 216 | During the Second Punic War, Carthaginian forces led by Hannibal defeated the Roman army in the Battle of Cannae. |
| 1776 | Members of the Continental Congress began signing the Declaration of Independence. |
| 1876 | Frontiersman "Wild Bill" Hickok was shot and killed while playing poker at a saloon in Deadwood in present-day South Dakota. |
| 1923 | President Warren G. Harding died of a heart attack in San Francisco at age 57. |
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| AP Photo |
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| 1934 | German President Paul von Hindenburg died, paving the way for Adolf Hitler's complete takeover. |
| 1939 | Albert Einstein signed a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt urging creation of an atomic weapons research program. |
| 1943 | PT-109, a Navy patrol torpedo boat commanded by Lt. John F. Kennedy, sank after being sheared in two by a Japanese destroyer off the Solomon Islands. Kennedy was credited with saving members of the crew. |
| 1945 | President Harry S. Truman, Soviet leader Josef Stalin and British Prime Minister Clement Attlee concluded the Potsdam conference. |
| 1964 | The Pentagon reported the first of two attacks on U.S. destroyers by North Vietnamese torpedo boats in the Gulf of Tonkin. |
| 1985 | A Delta Air Lines jumbo jet crashed while attempting to land at Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport, killing 137 people. |
| 2000 | Republicans nominated Texas Gov. George W. Bush for president and Dick Cheney for vice president at the party's convention in Philadelphia. |
| 2007 | Mattel recalled nearly a million Chinese-made toys from its Fisher-Price division that were found to have excessive amounts of lead. |
| 2011 | The Senate passed, and President Barack Obama signed, legislation to avoid an unprecedented national default. |
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